Migrants must have lived uninterruptedly in Switzerland for 12 years to be eligible for naturalisation (any years spent between the 10th and 20th year count double). Spouses and registered partners can shortcut to nationality through a special procedure. In some cantons, the second- and third- generations go through easier naturalisation procedures, whilst in others they must go through the same procedures as their migrant parents. Cantons rarely provide study guides for the integration and language tests, where migrants must prove their integration into the Swiss way of life and familiarity with Swiss habits, customs, and traditions. Other conditions can include an undefined ‘good character' clause, high economic resources and a criminal record requirement. Although the procedure is long, the fees must now be fixed to the price of its costs. Naturalised Swiss citizens are partially secure in their new nationality. An application can only be refused or a passport withdrawn if it is proven that is was acquired fraudulently, or if the person poses a real and serious threat to public policy and security. Nationality can be withdrawn at anytime, but it cannot lead to statelessness.
