Canada's anti-discrimination framework ranks third after PT and SE. It would attain best practice on definitions and concepts if the law forbade religious- and racially-motivated public insults. Canada reaches best practice on fields of application like 9 other MIPEX countries. The law protects victims from racial, ethnic, religious or nationality discrimination in employment, education, social protection, health, housing and otherareas. Although enforcement mechanisms protect complainants from victimisation and provide a wide range of sanctions, NGOs (specifically, legal entities with a legitimate interest in promoting equality) cannot bring forward a case without a specific victim, even for cases of systemic discrimination. Canada and SE are the only MIPEX country where equality policies have achieved best practice (see box).
